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Draggable HTML Element using pure JavaScript

May 14, 2021

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In this article, we are going to learn to create a draggable HTML element with pure JavaScript and no use of any other libraries or plugins.

Source Code :

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
  <style>
    #mydiv {
      position: absolute;
      z-index: 9;
      background-color: #f1f1f1;
      text-align: center;
      border: 1px solid #d3d3d3;
    }

    #mydivheader {
      padding: 10px;
      cursor: move;
      z-index: 10;
      background-color: #2196F3;
      color: #fff;
    }
  </style>

  <body>

    <h1>Draggable DIV Element</h1>

    <p>Click and hold the mouse button down while moving the DIV element</p>

    <div id="mydiv">
      <div id="mydivheader">Click here to move</div>
      <p>Move</p>
      <p>this</p>
      <p>DIV</p>
    </div>

    <script>
    //Make the DIV element draggagle:
    dragElement(document.getElementById("mydiv"));

    function dragElement(elmnt) {
      var pos1 = 0, pos2 = 0, pos3 = 0, pos4 = 0;
      if (document.getElementById(elmnt.id + "header")) {
        /* if present, the header is where you move the DIV from:*/
        document.getElementById(elmnt.id + "header").onmousedown = dragMouseDown;
      } else {
        /* otherwise, move the DIV from anywhere inside the DIV:*/
        elmnt.onmousedown = dragMouseDown;
      }

      function dragMouseDown(e) {
        e = e || window.event;
        e.preventDefault();
        // get the mouse cursor position at startup:
        pos3 = e.clientX;
        pos4 = e.clientY;
        document.onmouseup = closeDragElement;
        // call a function whenever the cursor moves:
        document.onmousemove = elementDrag;
      }

      function elementDrag(e) {
        e = e || window.event;
        e.preventDefault();
        // calculate the new cursor position:
        pos1 = pos3 - e.clientX;
        pos2 = pos4 - e.clientY;
        pos3 = e.clientX;
        pos4 = e.clientY;
        // set the element's new position:
        elmnt.style.top = (elmnt.offsetTop - pos2) + "px";
        elmnt.style.left = (elmnt.offsetLeft - pos1) + "px";
      }

      function closeDragElement() {
        /* stop moving when mouse button is released:*/
        document.onmouseup = null;
        document.onmousemove = null;
      }
    }
    </script>

  </body>
</html>

Follow this video for complete guidance :